违反外汇管理处罚施行细则(附英文)
国家外管局
违反外汇管理处罚施行细则(附英文)
（一九八五年三月二十五日国务院批准）
第一条 为贯彻执行《中华人民共和国外汇管理暂行条例》第三十一条、第三十三条的规定，特制定本细则。
第二条 下列行为，都属于套汇：
一、除经国家外汇管理局及其分局（以下简称管汇机关）批准或者国家另有规定者外，以人民币偿付应当以外汇支付的进口货款或者其他款项的；
二、境内机构以人民币为驻外机构、外国驻华机构、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业、短期入境个人支付其在国内的各种费用，由对方付给外汇，没有卖给国家的；
三、驻外机构使用其在中国境内的人民币为他人支付各种费用，由对方付给外汇的；
四、外国驻华机构、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业及其人员，以人民币为他人支付各种费用，而由他人以外汇或者其他相类似的形式偿还的；
五、未经管汇机关批准，派往外国或者港澳等地区的代表团、工作组及其人员，将出国经费或者从事各项业务活动所得购买物品或者移作他用，以人民币偿还的；
六、境内机构以出口收入或者其他收入的外汇抵偿进口物品费用或其他支出的。
第三条 对套汇者区别情况作如下处罚：
一、套入方所得外汇尚未使用的，责令其限期调回，强制收兑；套入方所得外汇已被使用，责令其补交等值的外汇，强制收兑，或者扣减相应的外汇额度；套入方所得外汇已被使用而无外汇归还的，补交所购物品的国内外差价；以上并可另按套汇金额处以10％至30％的罚款。
二、对套出外汇方，根据情节轻重，按套汇金额处以10％至30％的罚款。
第四条 下列行为，都属于逃汇：
一、未经管汇机关批准，境内机构将收入的外汇私自保存、使用、存放境外的；
违反《对侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资企业外汇管理施行细则》的规定，将收入的外汇存放境外的；
二、境内机构、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业以低报出口货价、佣金等手段少报外汇收入，或者以高报进口货价、费用、佣金等手段多报外汇支出，将隐匿的外汇私自保存或者存放境外的；
三、驻外机构以及在境外设立的中外合资经营企业的中方投资者，不按国家规定将应当调回的利润留在当地营运或者移作他用的；
四、除经管汇机关批准，派往外国或者港澳等地区的代表团、工作组及其人员不按各该专项计划使用外汇，将出国经费或者从事各项业务活动所得外汇存放境外或者移作他用的。
第五条 对逃汇者区别情况作如下处罚：
一、逃汇所得外汇尚未使用的，责令违法者或者其主管部门限期调回，强制收兑，或者没收全部或者部分外汇，并可另按逃汇金额处以10％至50％的罚款；
二、逃汇所得外汇已被使用的，责令其补交等值的外汇，强制收兑或者予以没收，并可另按逃汇金额处以10％至50％的罚款；
三、逃汇所得动汇已被使用而无外汇归还的，按逃汇金额处以30％以上、等值以下的罚款，或者没收非法所得，或者罚、没并处。
第六条 下列行为，都属于扰乱金融：
一、未经国家外汇管理局批准经营外汇业务，或者超越批准经营范围扩大外汇业务的；
二、未经国务院或者国务院授权机关批准，境内机构在国内外发行具有外汇价值的有价证券，接受外国或者港澳等地区的银行、企业贷款的；
三、除经管汇机关批准，境内机构以外汇计价结算、借贷、转让、质押，或者以外币流通、使用的；
四、私自买卖外汇、变相买卖外汇，或者超过国家外汇管理局规定价格买卖外汇，以及倒买倒卖外汇的。
第七条 对犯有前条违法行为者区别情况作如下处罚：
一、对犯有第一项违法行为者，分别责令其停止经营外汇业务、停止超越批准经营范围的外汇业务，或者没收非法所得，或者处以非法经营额等值以下的罚款，或者罚、没并处；
二、对犯有第二项违法行为者，不准其发行新的债券或者接受新的贷款，并可按其债券或者贷款金额处以20％以下罚款；
三、对犯有第三、四项违法行为者，强制收兑违法外汇，没收非法所得，或者处以违法外汇等值以下的罚款，或者罚、没并处。
第八条 对第二、四、六条未作具体规定的其他违反外汇管理的违法行为，可以区别情况，参照本细则最相类似的条款处理。
第九条 违反外汇管理，情节轻微，或者主动向管汇机关坦白交待违法事实、真诚悔改、检举立功的，可以从宽处理直至免予处罚；抗拒检查、掩盖违法事实、屡教不改的，按照本细则第三、五、七条的规定从重处罚。
第十条 套汇、逃汇、扰乱金融，情节严重的案件，应当移送司法机关依法处理。
第十一条 管汇机关查处违反外汇管理案件，为了防止违法单位转移资金，可以通知银行冻结其违法款项，冻结时间不超过两个月，届期自动解冻。遇有特殊情况需要适当延长冻结时间的，管汇机关应当重新办理通知手续。对于拒不缴付罚没款项的违法单位，管汇机关可以从其开户银
行帐户中强制扣款。
第十二条 管汇机关处理违反外汇管理案件，应当制发处罚决定书，通知被查处的单位或者个人。当事人对管汇机关的处罚决定不服，可以在接到处罚决定书之日起的十五日内，向上一级管汇机关申请复议；当事人不服复议决定的，可以向当地人民法院起诉。
第十三条 违反外汇管理的案件，由管汇机关处理；通过货物、行李物品、邮递物品、运输工具进出国境，从而具有走私性质的套汇、逃汇案件，由海关处理；利用外汇、外币票证进行投机倒把的案件，由工商行政管理机关处理。
第十四条 经济特区违反外汇管理处罚办法，由广东省、福建省人民政府参照本细则另行制定。
第十五条 本细则由国家外汇管理局负责解释。
第十六条 本细则自发布之日起施行。(附英文)
IMPLEMENTING RULES ON PUNISHMENT OF VIOLATION OF FOREIGN EXCHANGECONTROL
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
IMPLEMENTING RULES ON PUNISHMENT OF VIOLATION OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE
CONTROL
(Approved by the State Council on March 5, 1985, promulgated by
the State Administration of Foreign Exchange Control on April 5, 1985)
Article 1
These Rules are formulated for the implementation of Articles 31 and 33 of
the Interim Regulations for Foreign Exchange Control of the People's
Republic of China.
Article 2
The following acts shall be regarded as unlawful procurement of foreign
exchange:
1) paying in Renminbi for imports or other items that ought to be paid in
foreign exchange, unless otherwise approved by the State Administration of
Foreign Exchange Control or its branch offices
(hereinafter referred to as foreign exchange control agencies), or
stipulated by the State;
2) paying in Renminbi by organizations within territory to defray the
expenses in China for organizations stationed abroad, foreign
organizations stationed in China, enterprises with overseas Chinese
capital, foreign-capital enterprises, Chinese-foreign equity joint
ventures, and individuals coming to China for a short stay, in return for
reimbursement in foreign exchange which is not sold to the State;
3) paying in Renminbi by organizations stationed abroad to defray expenses
with their own Renminbi in China for others in return for reimbursement in
foreign exchange;
4) paying in Renminbi by foreign organizations stationed in China,
enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises,
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures and the personnel thereof to defray
expenses for others in return for reimbursement in foreign exchange or in
other forms of a similar nature;
5) making repayments without approval of foreign exchange control agencies
in Renminbi by delegations, working groups or members thereof sent abroad
or to Hong Kong, Macao and other regions, who put to other uses or spend
on purchase of goods the foreign exchange allocated for the mission or
that earned from their various kinds of business operations;
6) offsetting export proceeds or other foreign exchange earnings against
import costs or other expenditures by organizations within territory.
Article 3
Unlawful procurement of foreign exchange shall be penalized according to
different circumstances in the following ways:
1) If the foreign exchange unlawfully procured remains unused, the party
procuring the foreign exchange from others shall be ordered to repatriate
the foreign exchange within a prescribed time limit for a compulsory sale
to the State. If it has been used up, the party concerned must repay it
either by a compulsory sale to the State of an equal amount of foreign
exchange or by a deduction of the amount from the foreign exchange quota
allotted to the said party. In case the said party has no foreign exchange
to repay, the difference between the domestic and international market
prices of the goods purchased with the unlawfully procured exchange shall
be paid. In addition, a fine equivalent to 10-30% of the amount of the
foreign exchange unlawfully procured may be imposed.
2) The party procuring foreign exchange for others shall be fined a sum
equivalent to 10-30% of the amount of the foreign exchange illegally
procured in light of the seriousness of the case.
Article 4
The following acts shall be regarded as evasion of foreign exchange
control:
1) retaining, spending or depositing foreign exchange earnings abroad by
organizations within territory without prior approval of the exchange
control agencies; depositing foreign exchange earnings abroad in violation
of the Regulations for Foreign Exchange Control Relating to Enterprises
with Overseas Chinese Capital, Foreign-capital Enterprises and
Chinese-foreign Equity Joint Ventures;
2) retaining or depositing abroad without authorization the foreign
exchange which is concealed by organizations within territory, enterprises
with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-
foreign equity joint ventures and which is acquired through such means as
reporting less foreign exchange receipts by understating the export prices
or commissions, or reporting more foreign exchange expenditures by
overstating the import prices, expenses and commissions.
3) retaining for business operations abroad or putting to other uses the
profits that ought to be repatriated according to State provisions, by
organizations stationed abroad or by Chinese joint venturers in Chinese-
foreign equity joint ventures established abroad;
4) failing to use the foreign exchange allocated for the mission or earned
from various kinds of business operations according to plans and
depositing it abroad or putting it to other uses, without otherwise
approval of the foreign exchange control agencies, by delegations or
working groups and the members thereof sent abroad or to Hong Kong, Macao
and other regions.
Article 5
Evasion of foreign exchange control shall be penalized according to
different circumstances in the following ways:
1) if the foreign exchange acquired through evasion still remains unused,
the evader or the involved competent department shall be ordered to
repatriate it within a prescribed time limit for compulsory sale to the
State; or the full amount of foreign exchange or part thereof shall be
confiscated. In addition, a fine equivalent to 10-50% of the amount of the
foreign exchange evaded may be imposed;
2) if the foreign exchange acquired through evasion has been used up, the
evader shall be ordered to repay an equal amount of foreign exchange which
shall be sold to the State or confiscated. In addition, a fine equivalent
to 10-50% of the amount of the foreign exchange evaded may be imposed;
3) if the evader has no foreign exchange to repay, a fine equivalent to no
less than 30% of but no more than the full amount of the foreign exchange
acquired through evasion shall be imposed, or the illegal gains therefrom
shall be confiscated, or the fine and confiscation shall be imposed
concurrently.
Article 6
The following acts shall be regarded as disrupting financial stability:
1) engaging in foreign exchange business without prior approval of the
State Administration of Foreign Exchange Control or on a scale beyond the
approved business scope;
2) issuing securities denominated in foreign currencies in China or
abroad, or accepting loans offered by banks or enterprises in foreign
countries or in Hong Kong, Macao and other regions by organizations within
territory without prior approval of the State Council or the departments
authorized by the State Council;
3) using foreign currency by organizations within territory, without
otherwise approval of the foreign exchange control agencies, as the
monetary unit in settling accounts, borrowing or lending, making transfers
or obtaining mortgages, or as a medium of exchange in business
transactions;
4) buying and selling foreign exchange without authorization or in any
disguised form, or at rates above those set by the State Administration of
Foreign Exchange Control, or profiteering in buying and selling foreign
exchange.
Article 7
The following penalties shall be imposed on the offenders involved in the
cases listed in the preceding Article according to different
circumstances:
1) For cases' referred to in paragraph (1), the offenders shall be ordered
to cease their foreign exchange business or operations that exceed the
approved scope, or their unlawful earnings shall be confiscated or a fine
up to but no more than the full amount of the illegal operating fund shall
be imposed, or the fine and confiscation shall be imposed concurrently.
2) For cases referred to in paragraph (2), the offenders shall be ordered
not to issue new securities or not to accept new loans, and may also be
fined a sum up to but no more than 20% of the securities issued or loans
accepted.
3) For cases referred to in paragraphs (3) and (4), the offenders shall be
ordered to sell their unlawfully transacted foreign exchange to the State
and their illegal gains shall be confiscated, or a fine up to but no more
than the full amount of the foreign exchange illegally transacted shall be
imposed, or the fine and confiscation shall be imposed concurrently.
Article 8
For other acts in violation of foreign exchange control not specifically
listed in Articles 2, 4 and 6, penalties may be meted out according to the
seriousness of the case with reference to the most relevant provisions
provided in these Rules.
Article 9
In cases of minor offences, the offenders who voluntarily confess to their
unlawful activities before the foreign exchange control agencies, show
sincere repentance and demonstrate meritorious conduct by informing
against other offenders shall be dealt with leniently or exempt from
punishment. Offenders who refuse to confess, try to cover up their
offences or refuse to mend their ways despite repeated admonition shall be
punished severely in accordance with Articles 3, 5 and 7 of these Rules.
Article 10
Serious cases of unlawful procurement of foreign exchange, evasion of
foreign exchange control or disrupting financial stability shall be
transferred to judicial organs for handling according to law.
Article 11
To prevent violators from transferring their unlawfully acquired funds
when violations of foreign exchange control are under investigation, the
foreign exchange control agencies may ask the banks to freeze the funds in
question for a period of no more than two months. Upon expiry, the funds
shall be unfrozen automatically. If an extension of the period is
necessary under special circumstances, the relevant foreign exchange
control agency shall renew the notification to the bank concerned. In case
a violator refuses to pay the fine or the sum to be confiscated, the
relevant foreign exchange control agency may enforce the penalty by
deducting the sum from the violator's bank account.
Article 12
In cases where the foreign exchange control agencies impose penalties,
notices of penalty decision shall be served to the units or individuals
being penalized. If the party concerned does not agree with the penalty
decision, it(he) may appeal to the foreign exchange control agency at the
next higher level for reconsideration within 15 days as of the date of
receipt of the notice. If the party concerned still does not agree with
the decision of reconsideration, it(he) may bring a suit in the local
people's court.
Article 13
Cases involving violation of foreign exchange control regulations shall be
handled by the foreign exchange control agencies; cases involving unlawful
procurement of foreign exchange and evasion of foreign exchange control
that are of the nature of smuggling by means of illegally getting the
goods into or out of the country as part of luggage and personal effects,
by post or other means of transport, shall be handled by the Customs; and
cases involving the use of foreign exchange or payment instruments in
foreign currency for speculation and profiteering shall be handled by the
administrative departments for industry and commerce.
Article 14
Measures for penalizing violations of foreign exchange control in the
special economic zones shall be separately formulated by the Governments
of Guangdong and Fujian Provinces by taking reference to these Rules.
Article 15
The State Administration of Foreign Exchange Control shall be responsible
for interpreting these Rules.
Article 16
These Rules shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.
关于发布《中国证券登记结算有限责任公司深圳分公司证券公司股票质押登记业务运作指引》的通知
中国证券登记结算有限责任公司
关于发布《中国证券登记结算有限责任公司深圳分公司证券公司股票质押登记业务运作指引》的通知
中证登记（深圳）综〔2001〕10号
各证券公司：
为了进一步提高市场运作效率，本公司制定了《中国证券登记结算有限责任公司深圳分公司证券公司股票质押登记业务运作指引》，本指引自2001年11月12日起实施，原《深圳证券交易所关于证券公司股票质押登记实施细则》（深圳综〔2000〕13号）同时废止。
本指引要点如下：
1．证券公司办理股票质押业务，需提前一次性向本公司书面提交证券帐户代码、券商席位代码及银行特别席位代码，否则申请不被受理。
2．办理股票质押及解除质押登记业务必须采用交易系统报盘方式。
3．证券公司和商业银行必须在同一交易日分别在各自席位报盘。
4．办理股票质押和解除质押登记的当日，报盘后允许撤单。
特此通知
附件：《中国证券登记结算有限责任公司深圳分公司证券公司股票质押登记业务运作指引》
二○○一年十一月二日
附件
中国证券登记结算有限责任公司深圳分公司证券公司股票质押登记业务运作指引
第一条 为规范证券公司股票质押登记工作，根据《证券法》及《证券公司股票质押贷款管理办法》，制定本指引。
第二条 本指引所指股票质押登记，是指中国证券登记结算有限责任公司深圳分公司（以下简称"本公司"）为证券公司以自营的流通股票和证券投资基金(以下统称"股票")向商业银行作出质押所办理的股份登记工作。
第三条 商业银行和证券公司开展股票质押贷款业务，必须具备《证券公司股票质押贷款管理办法》规定的资格。
第四条 证券公司用作质押的股票，必须符合《证券公司股票质押贷款管理办法》的要求。
第五条 办理股票质押登记业务，出现下列情况之一，本公司有权拒绝接收证券公司与商业银行的申请：
1．证券公司用作质押的股份，不符合《证券公司股票质押贷款管理办法》的要求。
2．一家商业银行接受的用于质押的一家上市公司股票份额，高于该上市公司全部流通股票份额的10%。
3．一家证券公司用于质押的一家上市公司股票份额，高于该上市公司全部流通股票份额的10%，或高于该上市公司已发行总股份的5%。
4．被质押的一家上市公司股票份额高于该上市公司全部流通股票份额的20%。
第六条 商业银行开展股票质押贷款业务，应当在深圳证券交易所（以下简称"深交所"）开设股票质押贷款特别席位以及在本公司开设相应的资金结算帐户。
第七条 商业银行申请开设股票质押贷款特别席位，应当向深交所提交下列申请文件：
1．申请函（以法人名义出具）；
2．中国人民银行关于同意开办股票质押贷款业务的有关批复文件或许可证；
3．深交所要求的其他文件。
第八条 股票质押贷款特别席位的席位费为20万元人民币，由商业银行在申请时一次性向深交所交纳。席位一经设立不得退回，但经深交所批准可以转让。
第九条 股票质押贷款特别席位用于保管和处置质押股票，以及与质押股票相关的配股认购等，商业银行不得将该席位用于自行买卖证券等其他用途。
第十条 商业银行申请开设股票质押贷款资金结算帐户，应当向本公司提交法人结算协议并指定资金结算帐号。
第十一条 股票质押贷款特别席位的资金结算实行法人结算制度，一家商业银行确定一个特别席位作为主结算席位。
第十二条 每一股票质押贷款特别席位缴纳结算基准保证金10万元。
第十三条 证券公司须保证质押股票为自营股票，不存在权属争议。证券公司和商业银行应当保证股票质押行为真实、合法 、有效。
第十四条 质押股票是否冻结由证券公司和商业银行商定。未冻结的质押股票可以在特别席位直接卖出，冻结的质押股票必须经本公司解冻后方可卖出。质押股票的权益，分派到特别席位。选择冻结的质押股票，红股及认购的配股一并冻结。
第十五条 办理股票质押及解除质押登记业务必须采用交易系统报盘方式。办理股票质押和解除质押登记的当日，报盘后允许撤单。
第十六条 办理股票质押登记业务，应遵循下列程序：
1．证券公司办理股票质押业务，需提前凭中国证券监督管理委员会批准其为综合类券商的批文，一次性向本公司书面提交证券帐户代码、券商席位代码及银行特别席位代码。
2．证券公司与商业银行签订《股票质押贷款合同》后，在同一交易日分别在各自席位通过交易席位报盘。报盘内容包括：证券代码、股东代、质押股数、券商席位代码、银行特别席位代码、质押委托业务类别等（数据接口参见《深圳证券交易所数据接口规范》Ver4.0）。
3．报盘当日交易结束后，本公司将确认结果传给证券公司和商业银行。
4．本公司将确认质押的股票从证券公司的托管席位转至银行的特别席位。
第十七条 股票质押登记收费标准为：500万股以下（含500万股）按质押股票面值的千分之一收取；超过500万股部分按质押股票面值的万分之一收取。本公司从证券公司的清算头寸中扣减。
第十八条 股票质押登记业务完成后，商业银行可向本公司申领《证券公司股票质押确认书》。
第十九条 办理解除股票质押登记业务，应遵循下列程序：
1．证券公司和商业银行在同一日分别在各自席位通过交易席位报盘。报盘内容包括：证券代码、股东代码、解除质押股数、券商席位代码、银行
特别席位代码、解除质押委托业务类别等（数据接口参见《深圳证券交易所
数据接口规范》Ver4.0）。
2．报盘当日交易结束后，本公司将确认结果传给证券公司和商业银行。
3．本公司将确认解除质押的股票从商业银行的特别席位转至证券公司的席位。
4．冻结的质押股票，解除质押登记后，自动解冻。
第二十条 办理股票解除质押登记业务不收费。
第二十一条 本指引由本公司负责解释。
第二十二条 本指引自2001年11月12日起实施，原《深圳证券交易所关于证券公司股票质押登记实施细则》（深圳综〔2000〕13号）同时废止。
